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A crown, or cap, can be required for a variety of reasons. Most commonly, a tooth that has a large filling or has sustained a fracture will need a crown. In these instances, a crown is required to maintain the structural and functional integrity of the tooth. Teeth that have undergone root canal therapy require a crown for the same reasons. Teeth are also crowned to improve esthetics.

There are three basic type of crowns. The first type of crown is made entirely of gold. For cosmetic reasons, this is usually placed on back teeth (see Figure A). A second type has a layer of tooth-coloured porcelain covering the metal, improving the look of the tooth while maintaining strength. These can be done on front or back teeth. Broken and badly decayed tooth is restored with porcelain fused to metal crown (see Figure B and C). A third kind of crown will be made entirely of porcelain. Cosmetically, these are the most appealing but they're usually reserved for use on front teeth. Each type has different advantages and disadvantages. Your dentist can help you decide which will best suit your needs.

Figure A Gold Crown	Figure B Porcelain Crown (Before)	Figure C Porcelain Crown (After)

Generally, it takes two appointments to prepare and cement a crown. During the first visit, the tooth is shaped to allow room for the thickness of the crown. A temporary crown is fabricated while the new one is being made. After the impression is taken of your tooth, the crown is custom-made by a lab technician according to the dentists' instructions. This is a very precise process, which ensures an exact fit. At the second appointment, the temporary crown is removed and the tooth is thoroughly cleaned. A few minor adjustments may be required to custom-fit the crown exactly to your bite. Your new crown is then cemented onto your tooth.

A crown is the most reliable and predictable way of restoring strength to a weak tooth. The new crown will look, feel and function just like any of your natural teeth. Porcelain crowns may also be the best way to improve the look of your teeth. Ask your dentist if crowns could help restore and protect your teeth, as well as improve your smile.